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混凝土 16

三峡工程 7

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混凝土面板堆石坝 3

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智能制造 2

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Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 63-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0016-3

摘要： This paper demonstrates the difficulties in determining the relevant material parameters for a valuation of the deformation behavior of the up- and downstream dam shell by means of an embankment dam of medium height. Laboratory as well as field tests on solid rock-fill material were performed before the beginning of construction. During the construction the properties of the available rock-fill changed from solid to soft materials. This gave rise to the necessity of adjusting the dam design of the downstream dam shoulder. Several times higher dam settlements as well as significant differential settlements between the up- and downstream dam shell were observed during construction and operation. Apart from this situation, the dam has been operated for nearly 20 years and the behavior of the water barrier has been very good.

关键词： embankment dam     bituminous concrete membrane     rock-fill material properties     deformation behavior    

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A critical review of preparation design and workability measurement of concrete material for largescale

Guowei MA, Li WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 382-400 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0430-x

摘要：

In recent few years, significant improvement has been made in developing largescale 3D printers to accommodate the need of industrial-scale 3D printing. It is of great feasibility to construct structural components and buildings by means of 3D concrete printing. The major issues of this innovative technique focus on the preparation and optimization of concrete materials which possess favourable printable properties as well as the measurement and evaluation methods of their workability. This paper firstly introduces three largescale 3D printing systems that have been successfully applied in construction industry. It then summarizes the commonly used raw materials in concrete manufacturing. Critical factors that should be particularly controlled in material preparation are specified. Easy-extrusive, easy-flowing, well-buildable, proper setting time and low shrinkage are significant for concrete mixture to meet the critical requirements of a freeform construction process. Thereafter, measuring methods that can be employed to assess the fresh and hardened properties of concrete at early stages are suggested. Finally, a few of evaluation methods are presented which may offer certain assistance for optimizing material preparation. The objective of this work is to review current design methodologies and experimental measurement and evaluation methods for 3D printable concrete materials and promote its responsible use with largescale 3D printing technology.

关键词： 3D printing     concrete material     printable property     workability measurement     construction automation    

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Numerical simulation of squat reinforced concrete wall strengthened by FRP composite material

Ali KEZMANE,Said BOUKAIS,Mohand Hamizi

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 445-455 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0339-9

摘要： The advanced design rules and the latest known earthquakes, have imposed a strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. Many research works and practical achievements of the application of the external reinforcement by using FRP composite materials have been particularly developed in the recent years. This type of strengthening seems promising for the seismic reinforcement of buildings. Among of the components of structures that could affect the stability of the structure in case of an earthquake is the reinforced concrete walls, which require in many cases a strengthening, especially in case where the diagonal cracks can be developed. The intent of this paper is to present a numerical simulation of squat reinforced concrete wall strengthened by FRP composite material (carbon fiber epoxy). The intent of this study is to perform finite element model to investigate the effects of such reinforcement in the squat reinforced concrete walls. Taking advantage of a commercial finite element package ABAQUS code, three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed, addressing the parameters associated with the squat reinforced concrete walls. An elasto-plastic damage model material is used for concrete, for steel, an elastic-plastic behavior is adopted, and the FRP composite is considered unidirectional and orthotropic. The obtained results in terms of displacements, stresses, damage illustrate clearly the importance of this strengthening strategy.

关键词： simulation     strengthening     reinforced concrete wall     squat wall     FRP composite material     damage     Abaqus    

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Research on recycled concrete and its utilization in building structures in China

Jianzhuang XIAO, Tao DING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 215-226 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0212-z

摘要： Large quantities of construction and demolition (C&D) building waste are being generated as a result of rapid urbanization and natural disasters in China. An increasing awareness of environmental protection is escalating C&D waste disposal concerns. This paper presents a brief introduction to current shaking table test research in China on structures built with recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Test structures include a cast-in situ frame model, a precast frame model and a block masonry building. The test results prove that it is feasible to use RAC as a structural material in seismic areas, with recommended modifications and proper design, especially in low-rise structures. This paper also presents several successful applications of RAC in civil and structural engineering projects in China, which will serve to promote RAC as a global ecological structural material.

关键词： recycled aggregate concrete (RAC)     structural material     shaking table tests     building structure    

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胶结颗粒料坝——环境友好的新坝型

贾金生, Michel Lino, 金峰, 郑璀莹

《工程（英文）》 2016年 第2卷 第4期   页码 490-497 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.003

摘要：

笔者于2009年提出了胶结颗粒料坝的概念，目的在于修建更安全、更经济的环境友好的大坝。该坝型包括胶结砂砾石坝(曾用名胶凝砂砾石坝)、堆石混凝土坝(或胶结堆石坝)和胶结土坝。本文基于研究和实践，进一步阐述了胶结颗粒料坝的概念和原则，介绍了胶结砂砾石坝、堆石混凝土坝和胶结土坝的新进展。

关键词： 胶结颗粒料坝     胶结砂砾石坝     堆石混凝土坝     胶结堆石坝     胶结土坝     材料特性    

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Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 317-332 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0271-9

摘要： As the basis of modern industry, the roles materials play are becoming increasingly vital in this day and age. With many superior physical properties over conventional fluids, the low melting point liquid metal material, especially room-temperature liquid metal, is recently found to be uniquely useful in a wide variety of emerging areas from energy, electronics to medical sciences. However, with the coming enormous utilization of such materials, serious issues also arise which urgently need to be addressed. A biggest concern to impede the large scale application of room-temperature liquid metal technologies is that there is currently a strong shortage of the materials and species available to meet the tough requirements such as cost, melting point, electrical and thermal conductivity, etc. Inspired by the Material Genome Initiative as issued in 2011 by the United States of America, a more specific and focused project initiative was proposed in this paper—the liquid metal material genome aimed to discover advanced new functional alloys with low melting point so as to fulfill various increasing needs. The basic schemes and road map for this new research program, which is expected to have a worldwide significance, were outlined. The theoretical strategies and experimental methods in the research and development of liquid metal material genome were introduced. Particularly, the calculation of phase diagram (CALPHAD) approach as a highly effective way for material design was discussed. Further, the first-principles (FP) calculation was suggested to combine with the statistical thermodynamics to calculate the thermodynamic functions so as to enrich the CALPHAD database of liquid metals. When the experimental data are too scarce to perform a regular treatment, the combination of FP calculation, cluster variation method (CVM) or molecular dynamics (MD), and CALPHAD, referred to as the mixed FP-CVM-CALPHAD method can be a promising way to solve the problem. Except for the theoretical strategies, several parallel processing experimental methods were also analyzed, which can help improve the efficiency of finding new liquid metal materials and reducing the cost. The liquid metal material genome proposal as initiated in this paper will accelerate the process of finding and utilization of new functional materials.

关键词： liquid metal material genome     energy material     material discovery     advanced material     room-temperature liquid alloy     thermodynamics     phase diagram    

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Robust topology optimization of multi-material lattice structures under material and load uncertainties

Yu-Chin CHAN, Kohei SHINTANI, Wei CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第2期   页码 141-152 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0531-4

摘要： Enabled by advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing, lightweight lattice structures consisting of networks of periodic unit cells have gained popularity due to their extraordinary performance and wide array of functions. This work proposes a density-based robust topology optimization method for meso- or macro-scale multi-material lattice structures under any combination of material and load uncertainties. The method utilizes a new generalized material interpolation scheme for an arbitrary number of materials, and employs univariate dimension reduction and Gauss-type quadrature to quantify and propagate uncertainty. By formulating the objective function as a weighted sum of the mean and standard deviation of compliance, the tradeoff between optimality and robustness can be studied and controlled. Examples of a cantilever beam lattice structure under various material and load uncertainty cases exhibit the efficiency and flexibility of the approach. The accuracy of univariate dimension reduction is validated by comparing the results to the Monte Carlo approach.

关键词： robust topology optimization     lattice structures     multi-material     material uncertainty     load uncertainty     univariate dimension reduction    

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Truss-arch model for shear strength of seismic-damaged SRC frame columns strengthened with CFRP sheets

Sheng PENG, Chengxiang XU, Xiaoqiang LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1324-1337 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0557-z

摘要： Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials are important reinforcing substances which are widely used in the shear strengthening of seismic-damage steel reinforced concrete (SRC) frame structures. To investigate the shear strength of SRC frame columns strengthened with CFRP sheets, experimental observations on eight seismic-damaged SRC frame columns strengthened with CFRP sheets were conducted at Yangtze University and existing experimental data of 49 SRC columns are presented. Based on the existing experiments, the theories of damage degree, zoning analysis of concrete, and strengthening material of the column are adopted. To present the expression formula of the shear strength of SRC frame columns strengthened with CFRP sheets, the contributions of strengthening material and transverse reinforcement to shear strength in the truss model are considered, based on the truss-arch model. The contribution of arch action is also considered through the analysis of the whole concrete and that of the three zones of the concrete are also considered. The formula is verified, and the calculated results are found to match well with the experimental results. Results indicate that the proposed whole analysis model can improve the accuracy of shear strength predictions of shear seismic-damaged SRC frame columns reinforced with CFRP sheets.

关键词： carbon fiber reinforced polymer material     steel reinforced concrete frame column     seismic-damaged     trussed-arch model     shear strength    

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混凝土结构性干预所必需的材料力学性能 Article

Tamon Ueda

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第6期   页码 1131-1138 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.012

摘要：

结构性干预包括修复和（或）改善结构性能。除了混凝土和钢材这两种典型的混凝土结构材料外，各种纤维增强复合材料（FRP），混合纤维、聚合物和黏合剂的黏结材料也常被用于结构性干预。为了预测结构性能，有必要开发一种不仅适用于钢材，而且适用于其他材料的通用方法。这种通用模型可以提供有关改善结构性能所需的力学性能的信息。外部黏结是一种典型的结构干预方案，在新结构中没有得到应用。为了在基体混凝土和外部黏结材料的接合点上获得更好的黏结强度，我们有必要阐明材料的性能和结构细节。本文介绍基体混凝土的力学性能和相关干预材料用于以下目的：①获得更高的抗剪强度和减少构件在结构性干预后的极限变形；②使外部黏结获得更高的黏结强度。本文得出的结论是，在有结构干预的结构中，为了提高结构的力学性能，干预材料的一些力学性能和结构细节是新的，且不同于没有干预的结构。例如，在无结构性干预的结构中，高强度和高刚度是材料的重要性能，而高断裂应力和低刚度是结构干预材料的重要性能。

关键词： 结构性干预     高断裂应力     无屈服     低刚度     粗糙度     FRP 聚合物    

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工程材料研究中科学问题的思考

于翘

《中国工程科学》 1999年 第1卷 第3期   页码 1-4

摘要：

在不少场合下，航天用工程材料处在极端条件下工作，这就对材料提出许多特殊的要求，虽然国内外有一定的研究积累，但对更精确的模型和符合特定材料的损伤的状态方程，有待深一步研究。如高级弹头再入时气动加热和粒子云侵蚀以及两者耦合效应引起弹头防护材料增大后退量的问题；空中垃圾和微流星的高速碰撞对航天器的威胁；特别是核爆和激光武器对材料的损伤和破坏，实质上是辐射引起的热击波层裂破坏，这些都属于超高速碰撞对材料的响应问题。天线罩材料、吸波材料、红外隐身材料、电磁屏蔽材料都是具有不同波长电磁波的电磁功能材料，它们对固体介质的穿透、吸收、反射等会产生响应，不同的电磁功能材料，其宏观性能的物理参量不同，但有几个参量是通用的，如介电常数、磁导率和损耗角正切，搞清这些参量与材料微观结构的关系，可以为材料设计和材料创新提供科学依据。

关键词： 天线罩材料     吸波材料     红外隐身材料     电磁兼容材料    

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A novel approach to minimizing material loss for computer numerical control flank-regrinding of worn

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0757-z

摘要： Flanks of end mills are prone to wear in a long machining process. Regrinding is widely used in workshops to restore the flank to an original-like state. However, the traditional method involves material waste by trial and error and dramatically decreases the potential regrinding. Moreover, over-cut would happen to the flutes of worn cutters in the regrinding processes because of improper wheel path. This study presented a new approach to planning the wheel path for regrinding worn end mills to minimize material loss and recover the over-cut. In planning, a scaling method was developed to determine the maximum size of the new cutter according to the similarity of cutter shapes before and after regrinding. Then, the wheel path is first generated by envelope theory to regrind the worn area with a four-axis computer numerical control grinder according to the new size of cutters. Moreover, a second regrinding strategy is applied to recover the flute shape over-cut in the first grinding. Finally, the proposed method is verified by an experiment. Results showed that the proposed approach could save 25% of cutter material compared with the traditional method and ensure at least three regrinding times. This work effectively provides a general regrinding solution for the worn flank with maximum material-saving and regrinding period.

关键词： flank-regrinding     worn end mill     wheel position and orientation     material loss     over-cut    

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A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第3期   页码 607-622 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0637-3

摘要： This paper presents a MATLAB implementation of the material-field series-expansion (MFSE) topo-logy optimization method. The MFSE method uses a bounded material field with specified spatial correlation to represent the structural topology. With the series-expansion method for bounded fields, this material field is described with the characteristic base functions and the corresponding coefficients. Compared with the conventional density-based method, the MFSE method decouples the topological description and the finite element discretization, and greatly reduces the number of design variables after dimensionality reduction. Other features of this method include inherent control on structural topological complexity, crisp structural boundary description, mesh independence, and being free from the checkerboard pattern. With the focus on the implementation of the MFSE method, the present MATLAB code uses the maximum stiffness optimization problems solved with a gradient-based optimizer as examples. The MATLAB code consists of three parts, namely, the main program and two subroutines (one for aggregating the optimization constraints and the other about the method of moving asymptotes optimizer). The implementation of the code and its extensions to topology optimization problems with multiple load cases and passive elements are discussed in detail. The code is intended for researchers who are interested in this method and want to get started with it quickly. It can also be used as a basis for handling complex engineering optimization problems by combining the MFSE topology optimization method with non-gradient optimization algorithms without sensitivity information because only a few design variables are required to describe relatively complex structural topology and smooth structural boundaries using the MFSE method.

关键词： MATLAB implementation     topology optimization     material-field series-expansion method     bounded material field     dimensionality reduction    

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A multiscale material model for heterogeneous liquid droplets in solid soft composites

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1292-1299 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0771-3

摘要： Liquid droplets in solid soft composites have been attracting increasing attention in biological applications. In contrary with conventional composites, which are made of solid elastic inclusions, available material models for composites including liquid droplets are for highly idealized configurations and do not include all material real parameters. They are also all deterministic and do not address the uncertainties arising from droplet radius, volume fraction, dispersion and agglomeration. This research revisits the available models for liquid droplets in solid soft composites and presents a multiscale computational material model to determine their elastic moduli, considering nearly all relevant uncertainties and heterogeneities at different length scales. The effects of surface tension at droplets interface, their volume fraction, size, size polydispersity and agglomeration on elastic modulus, are considered. Different micromechanical material models are incorporated into the presented computational framework. The results clearly indicate both softening and stiffening effects of liquid droplets and show that the model can precisely predict the effective properties of liquid droplets in solid soft composites.

关键词： liquid in solid     soft composite     computational modeling     multiscale model     heterogeneity    

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Effects of sheet thickness and material on the mechanical properties of flat clinched joint

Chao CHEN, Huiyang ZHANG, Shengdun ZHAO, Xiaoqiang REN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第2期   页码 410-419 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0618-y

摘要： The flat clinching process is attracting a growing attention in the joining field of lightweight materials because it avoids the geometric protrusion that appears in the conventional clinching process. In this paper, the effects of sheet thickness and material on the mechanical properties of the clinched joint were studied. Al1060 and Al2024 sheets with 2 mm thickness were employed to develop the clinched joint by using different material configurations, and Al1060 sheets with 2.5- and 1.5-mm thicknesses were used to produce the clinched joint by using different thickness configurations. The clinched joints using various sheet configurations were sectioned, and dimensional analysis was conducted. Cross-tensile and shearing tests were carried out to analyze the mechanical properties of the clinched joint, including tensile strength, shearing strength, and absorbed energy. In addition, the failure modes of the clinched joints were discussed. Results indicated that the clinched joint with a stiff top sheet had increased static strength regardless of the test type. The clinched joint with a thick top sheet demonstrated lower static strength than the joint with a thick bottom sheet in the cross-tensile test. However, this result was reversed in the shearing tests. The flat clinching process has a great potential in joining dissimilar and various thickness materials.

关键词： clinched joint     flat clinching process     thickness configuration     material configuration     mechanical property    

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Slender reinforced concrete shear walls with high-strength concrete boundary elements

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 138-151 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0897-y

摘要： Reinforced concrete structural walls are commonly used for resisting lateral forces in buildings. Owing to the advancements in the field of concrete materials over the past few decades, concrete mixes of high compressive strength, commonly referred to as high-strength concrete (HSC), have been developed. In this study, the effects of strategic placement of HSC on the performance of slender walls were examined. The finite-element model of a conventional normal-strength concrete (NSC) prototype wall was validated using test data available in extant studies. HSC was incorporated in the boundary elements of the wall to compare its performance with that of the conventional wall at different axial loads. Potential reductions in the reinforcement area and size of the boundary elements were investigated. The HSC wall exhibited improved strength and stiffness, and thereby, allowed reduction in the longitudinal reinforcement area and size of the boundary elements for the same strength of the conventional wall. Cold joints resulting from dissimilar concrete pours in the web and boundary elements of the HSC wall were modeled and their impact on behavior of the wall was examined.

关键词： slender walls     high-strength concrete     rectangular and barbell-shaped walls     cold joints    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Influence of soft rock-fill material as dam embankment with central bituminous concrete membrane

Peter TSCHERNUTTER

期刊论文

A critical review of preparation design and workability measurement of concrete material for largescale

Guowei MA, Li WANG

期刊论文

Numerical simulation of squat reinforced concrete wall strengthened by FRP composite material

Ali KEZMANE,Said BOUKAIS,Mohand Hamizi

期刊论文

Research on recycled concrete and its utilization in building structures in China

Jianzhuang XIAO, Tao DING

期刊论文

胶结颗粒料坝——环境友好的新坝型

贾金生, Michel Lino, 金峰, 郑璀莹

期刊论文

Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

期刊论文

Robust topology optimization of multi-material lattice structures under material and load uncertainties

Yu-Chin CHAN, Kohei SHINTANI, Wei CHEN

期刊论文

Truss-arch model for shear strength of seismic-damaged SRC frame columns strengthened with CFRP sheets

Sheng PENG, Chengxiang XU, Xiaoqiang LIU

期刊论文

混凝土结构性干预所必需的材料力学性能

Tamon Ueda

期刊论文

工程材料研究中科学问题的思考

于翘

期刊论文

A novel approach to minimizing material loss for computer numerical control flank-regrinding of worn

期刊论文

A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

期刊论文

A multiscale material model for heterogeneous liquid droplets in solid soft composites

期刊论文

Effects of sheet thickness and material on the mechanical properties of flat clinched joint

Chao CHEN, Huiyang ZHANG, Shengdun ZHAO, Xiaoqiang REN

期刊论文

Slender reinforced concrete shear walls with high-strength concrete boundary elements

期刊论文